Preprint

Test Conception and Item Generation for the Observing Parent-Child Interaction Inventory OPCII-1.0

Test development Observing Parent-Child Interaction Inventory OPCII-1.0

This article is a preprint and has not been certified by peer review [What does this mean?].

Author(s) / Creator(s)

Müller, Jörg Michael

Abstract / Description

Current observational measures of parent-child interaction often lack factorial validity and theoretical connectivity between suggested scales. We present the Observing Parent-Child Interaction Inventory (OPCII-1.0), which is designed to capture interaction patterns by integrating parenting behaviors with child temperament. The OPCII-1.0 assesses two neurobiological temperament dimensions, namely behavioral activation (BAS) and behavioral inhibition (BIS), which influence attention, emotional reactivity, needs, and behavior. These first-order dimensions shape six second-order traits: need for activity, autonomy, security, (quiet/loud × positive/negative) emotional expression, and effortful control. Parenting is conceptualized within two higher-order domains. Positive parenting includes sensitivity/responsiveness, social behavior regulation, cognitive support/stimulation, and regulating one’s own positive and negative emotions. Negative parenting encompasses denial of autonomy, passive and active rejection, intrusiveness, and rejection sensitivity. There are also indices for over- and underinvolvement as well as impaired predictability. Crossing four parenting constellations with four BIS/BAS-based child profiles yields 16 theoretically defined interaction patterns, which define a parenting-temperament misfit and enable risk prediction. We advance transparent and replicable test development through explicit item generation instructions (IGIs) and multi-source item content, as well as face and ecological validity pretesting with experts, novices and ChatGPT-4o. The planned analyses and validation criteria for the next steps in test development are presented.

Keyword(s)

Test development preschool psychiatry parent-child interaction OPCII assessment diagnostic

Persistent Identifier

Date of first publication

2025-09-16

Publisher

PsychArchives

Citation

Müller (2025). Test Conception and Item Generation for the Observing Parent-Child Interaction Inventory OPCII-1.0. PsychArchives.
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    Rationale for choice of sharing level: OPCII is a common platform for further development. Users can contact the author Müller for effective collaboration.
  • Author(s) / Creator(s)
    Müller, Jörg Michael
  • PsychArchives acquisition timestamp
    2025-09-16T07:14:22Z
  • Made available on
    2025-09-16T07:14:22Z
  • Date of first publication
    2025-09-16
  • Abstract / Description
    Current observational measures of parent-child interaction often lack factorial validity and theoretical connectivity between suggested scales. We present the Observing Parent-Child Interaction Inventory (OPCII-1.0), which is designed to capture interaction patterns by integrating parenting behaviors with child temperament. The OPCII-1.0 assesses two neurobiological temperament dimensions, namely behavioral activation (BAS) and behavioral inhibition (BIS), which influence attention, emotional reactivity, needs, and behavior. These first-order dimensions shape six second-order traits: need for activity, autonomy, security, (quiet/loud × positive/negative) emotional expression, and effortful control. Parenting is conceptualized within two higher-order domains. Positive parenting includes sensitivity/responsiveness, social behavior regulation, cognitive support/stimulation, and regulating one’s own positive and negative emotions. Negative parenting encompasses denial of autonomy, passive and active rejection, intrusiveness, and rejection sensitivity. There are also indices for over- and underinvolvement as well as impaired predictability. Crossing four parenting constellations with four BIS/BAS-based child profiles yields 16 theoretically defined interaction patterns, which define a parenting-temperament misfit and enable risk prediction. We advance transparent and replicable test development through explicit item generation instructions (IGIs) and multi-source item content, as well as face and ecological validity pretesting with experts, novices and ChatGPT-4o. The planned analyses and validation criteria for the next steps in test development are presented.
    en
  • Publication status
    other
  • Review status
    notReviewed
  • Citation
    Müller (2025). Test Conception and Item Generation for the Observing Parent-Child Interaction Inventory OPCII-1.0. PsychArchives.
  • Persistent Identifier
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12034/16624
  • Persistent Identifier
    https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.21229
  • Language of content
    eng
  • Publisher
    PsychArchives
  • Is related to
    https://www.psycharchives.org/handle/20.500.12034/16627
  • Is related to
    https://www.psycharchives.org/handle/20.500.12034/16625
  • Is related to
    https://www.psycharchives.org/handle/20.500.12034/16626
  • Keyword(s)
    Test development
  • Keyword(s)
    preschool
  • Keyword(s)
    psychiatry
  • Keyword(s)
    parent-child interaction
  • Keyword(s)
    OPCII
  • Keyword(s)
    assessment
  • Keyword(s)
    diagnostic
  • Dewey Decimal Classification number(s)
    150
  • Title
    Test Conception and Item Generation for the Observing Parent-Child Interaction Inventory OPCII-1.0
    en
  • Alternative title
    Test development Observing Parent-Child Interaction Inventory OPCII-1.0
    en
  • DRO type
    preprint
  • Visible tag(s)
    parent-child-interaction
  • Visible tag(s)
    assessment
  • Visible tag(s)
    test development
  • Visible tag(s)
    item-generation-instruction
  • Visible tag(s)
    content validity
  • Visible tag(s)
    LLM
  • Visible tag(s)
    ChatGPT