The impact of sexism on leadership in female-male climbing dyads
Author(s) / Creator(s)
Kulich, Clara
de Lemus, Soledad
Montañés, Pilar
Abstract / Description
We investigated how sexism affected leadership in mixed-gender alpine climbing-dyads. We asked whether benevolent sexism would impair, and hostile sexism would increase (as a form of resistance) women’s leadership; and whether benevolent sexism would increase men’s leadership (as a form of paternalism). A correlational study assessed reported leading behaviour of alpine climbers. Then a vignette-based experiment presented climbers with cross-gender targets, of which three were sexist (non-feminist), and one feminist (non-sexist), and assessed leading intentions depending on targets’ and participants’ gender attitudes. Findings showed that women endorsing benevolent sexism indicated lower leading intentions with targets expressing benevolent sexism (i.e., benevolent and ambivalent men) as compared to hostile sexist men. Moreover, women’s benevolent sexism negatively affected their leading intentions with men endorsing the same gender ideology. Unexpectedly, women with low endorsement of hostile sexism reported higher leading intentions with a hostile sexist man than an ambivalent one, and with an ambivalent than a benevolent man. Conversely, men intended to lead more with female targets who expressed benevolent sexism, accommodating these women’s expectations. Further, men intended to lead more with ambivalent women, than with women deviating from gender stereotypes (i.e., feminist women, or hostile sexist women – who lack expected benevolence based on gender stereotypes). We conclude that benevolent sexism likely reinforces traditional gender roles in a leadership context when men face women who fit the gender stereotype; and when women are benevolently sexist, themselves. Moreover, low hostile sexist women confront men’s hostility with higher leading intentions, as a form of resistance.
Keyword(s)
ambivalent sexism benevolent sexism feminism gender roles alpine climbing leadership confrontationPersistent Identifier
Date of first publication
2020-06-03
Journal title
Social Psychological Bulletin
Volume
15
Issue
1
Article number
Article e2667
Publisher
PsychOpen GOLD
Publication status
publishedVersion
Review status
peerReviewed
Is version of
Citation
Kulich, C., de Lemus, S., & Montañés, P. (2020). The impact of sexism on leadership in female-male climbing dyads. Social Psychological Bulletin, 15(1), Article e2667. https://doi.org/10.32872/spb.2667
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spb.v15i1.2667.pdfAdobe PDF - 631.79KBMD5: d2542d844a150e6e56b0d0a3f80f316c
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Author(s) / Creator(s)Kulich, Clara
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Author(s) / Creator(s)de Lemus, Soledad
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Author(s) / Creator(s)Montañés, Pilar
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PsychArchives acquisition timestamp2022-04-14T11:27:19Z
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Made available on2022-04-14T11:27:19Z
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Date of first publication2020-06-03
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Abstract / DescriptionWe investigated how sexism affected leadership in mixed-gender alpine climbing-dyads. We asked whether benevolent sexism would impair, and hostile sexism would increase (as a form of resistance) women’s leadership; and whether benevolent sexism would increase men’s leadership (as a form of paternalism). A correlational study assessed reported leading behaviour of alpine climbers. Then a vignette-based experiment presented climbers with cross-gender targets, of which three were sexist (non-feminist), and one feminist (non-sexist), and assessed leading intentions depending on targets’ and participants’ gender attitudes. Findings showed that women endorsing benevolent sexism indicated lower leading intentions with targets expressing benevolent sexism (i.e., benevolent and ambivalent men) as compared to hostile sexist men. Moreover, women’s benevolent sexism negatively affected their leading intentions with men endorsing the same gender ideology. Unexpectedly, women with low endorsement of hostile sexism reported higher leading intentions with a hostile sexist man than an ambivalent one, and with an ambivalent than a benevolent man. Conversely, men intended to lead more with female targets who expressed benevolent sexism, accommodating these women’s expectations. Further, men intended to lead more with ambivalent women, than with women deviating from gender stereotypes (i.e., feminist women, or hostile sexist women – who lack expected benevolence based on gender stereotypes). We conclude that benevolent sexism likely reinforces traditional gender roles in a leadership context when men face women who fit the gender stereotype; and when women are benevolently sexist, themselves. Moreover, low hostile sexist women confront men’s hostility with higher leading intentions, as a form of resistance.en_US
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Publication statuspublishedVersion
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Review statuspeerReviewed
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CitationKulich, C., de Lemus, S., & Montañés, P. (2020). The impact of sexism on leadership in female-male climbing dyads. Social Psychological Bulletin, 15(1), Article e2667. https://doi.org/10.32872/spb.2667en_US
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ISSN2569-653X
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Persistent Identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12034/5845
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Persistent Identifierhttps://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.6449
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Language of contenteng
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PublisherPsychOpen GOLD
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Is version ofhttps://doi.org/10.32872/spb.2667
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Is related tohttps://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.2895
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Keyword(s)ambivalent sexismen_US
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Keyword(s)benevolent sexismen_US
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Keyword(s)feminismen_US
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Keyword(s)gender rolesen_US
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Keyword(s)alpine climbingen_US
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Keyword(s)leadershipen_US
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Keyword(s)confrontationen_US
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Dewey Decimal Classification number(s)150
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TitleThe impact of sexism on leadership in female-male climbing dyadsen_US
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DRO typearticle
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Article numberArticle e2667
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Issue1
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Journal titleSocial Psychological Bulletin
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Volume15
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Visible tag(s)Version of Recorden_US